.. Around 1500 France, Germany, and the Netherlands started to cultivate and farm plants specifically to be used as dye. England in the 1600’s used the Logwood Tree, and a Dutch chemist figured out how to take the red cochineal and add tin to it.
This started the concept of MORDANTS, and the trend away from plant based dyes to insect dyes.
(Photo: Yarn dyed with Madder root (red) and Walnut (brown). Still plant based dyes)